1 标(Biao)称(Cheng)值(Zhi) nominal value
用(Yong)以(Yi)标(Biao)志(Zhi)或(Huo)识(Shi)别(Bie)一(Yi)个(Ge)开(Kai)关(Guan)电(Dian)器(Qi)或(Huo)部(Bu)件(Jian)以(Yi)及(Ji)设(She)备(Bei)的(De)合(He)适(Shi)的(De)近(Jin)似(Si)量(Liang)值(Zhi)。(?)
2 极(Ji)限(Xian)值(Zhi) limiting value
在(Zai)规(Gui)范(Fan)和(He)标(Biao)准(Zhun)中(Zhong)一(Yi)个(Ge)量(Liang)值(Zhi)的(De)最(Zui)大(Da)或(Huo)最(Zui)小(Xiao)允(Yun)许(Xu)值(Zhi)。(?)
3 额(E)定(Ding)值(Zhi) rated value
一(Yi)般(Ban)由(You)制(Zhi)造(Zao)厂(Chang)对(Dui)开(Kai)关(Guan)电(Dian)器(Qi)、(?)器(Qi)件(Jian)或(Huo)设(She)备(Bei)在(Zai)规(Gui)定(Ding)的(De)工(Gong)作(Zuo)条(Tiao)件(Jian)下(Xia)所(Suo)规(Gui)定(Ding)的(De)一(Yi)个(Ge)量(Liang)值(Zhi)。(?)
4 定(Ding)额(E) rating
一(Yi)组(Zu)额(E)定(Ding)值(Zhi)和(He)工(Gong)作(Zuo)条(Tiao)件(Jian)。(?)
5 （(?)电(Dian)路(Lu)及(Ji)其(Qi)有(You)关(Guan)开(Kai)关(Guan)电(Dian)器(Qi)或(Huo)熔(Rong)断(Duan)器(Qi)的(De)）(?)预(Yu)期(Qi)电(Dian)流(Liu) prospective current (of a circuit and with respect to a switching device or a fuse)
当(Dang)开(Kai)关(Guan)电(Dian)器(Qi)的(De)每(Mei)一(Yi)极(Ji)或(Huo)熔(Rong)断(Duan)器(Qi)被(Bei)一(Yi)个(Ge)阻(Zu)抗(Kang)可(Ke)以(Yi)忽(Hu)略(Lue)不(Bu)计(Ji)的(De)导(Dao)体(Ti)代(Dai)替(Ti)时(Shi)，(?)电(Dian)路(Lu)中(Zhong)可(Ke)能(Neng)流(Liu)过(Guo)的(De)电(Dian)流(Liu)。(?)
注(Zhu)：(?)用(Yong)于(Yu)计(Ji)算(Suan)或(Huo)表(Biao)示(Shi)预(Yu)期(Qi)电(Dian)流(Liu)的(De)方(Fang)法(Fa)在(Zai)有(You)关(Guan)产(Chan)品(Pin)标(Biao)准(Zhun)中(Zhong)规(Gui)定(Ding)。(?)
6 预(Yu)期(Qi)峰(Feng)值(Zhi)电(Dian)流(Liu) prospective peak current
在(Zai)电(Dian)路(Lu)接(Jie)通(Tong)后(Hou)瞬(Shun)态(Tai)期(Qi)间(Jian)的(De)预(Yu)期(Qi)电(Dian)流(Liu)峰(Feng)值(Zhi)。(?)
注(Zhu)：(?)此(Ci)定(Ding)义(Yi)假(Jia)设(She)电(Dian)流(Liu)是(Shi)由(You)一(Yi)个(Ge)理(Li)想(Xiang)的(De)开(Kai)关(Guan)电(Dian)器(Qi)接(Jie)通(Tong)，(?)即(Ji)阻(Zu)抗(Kang)瞬(Shun)时(Shi)地(Di)由(You)无(Wu)穷(Qiong)大(Da)变(Bian)至(Zhi)零(Ling)，(?)对(Dui)于(Yu)有(You)几(Ji)条(Tiao)电(Dian)流(Liu)路(Lu)径(Jing)的(De)电(Dian)路(Lu)，(?)
例(Li)如(Ru)多(Duo)相(Xiang)电(Dian)路(Lu)，(?)此(Ci)定(Ding)义(Yi)进(Jin)一(Yi)步(Bu)假(Jia)设(She)各(Ge)极(Ji)同(Tong)时(Shi)接(Jie)能(Neng)电(Dian)流(Liu)，(?)甚(Shen)至(Zhi)仅(Jin)考(Kao)虑(Lu)一(Yi)个(Ge)极(Ji)的(De)电(Dian)流(Liu)。(?)
7 （(?)交(Jiao)流(Liu)电(Dian)路(Lu)的(De)）(?)预(Yu)期(Qi)对(Dui)称(Cheng)电(Dian)流(Liu) prospective symmetrical current (of an a.c.circuit)
在(Zai)交(Jiao)流(Liu)电(Dian)路(Lu)接(Jie)通(Tong)后(Hou)瞬(Shun)态(Tai)现(Xian)象(Xiang)消(Xiao)失(Shi)瞬(Shun)间(Jian)起(Qi)的(De)预(Yu)期(Qi)电(Dian)流(Liu)。(?)
注(Zhu)：(?)1.对(Dui)于(Yu)多(Duo)相(Xiang)电(Dian)路(Lu)，(?)预(Yu)期(Qi)对(Dui)称(Cheng)电(Dian)流(Liu)只(Zhi)有(You)一(Yi)次(Ci)在(Zai)一(Yi)个(Ge)极(Ji)上(Shang)符(Fu)合(He)无(Wu)瞬(Shun)态(Tai)周(Zhou)期(Qi)状(Zhuang)态(Tai)。(?)
2.预(Yu)期(Qi)对(Dui)称(Cheng)电(Dian)流(Liu)用(Yong)有(You)效(Xiao)值(Zhi)（(?)r.m.s）(?)表(Biao)示(Shi)。(?)
8 （(?)交(Jiao)流(Liu)电(Dian)路(Lu)的(De)）(?)最(Zui)大(Da)预(Yu)期(Qi)峰(Feng)值(Zhi)电(Dian)流(Liu) maximum prospective peak current（(?)of an a/c.circuit)
当(Dang)电(Dian)流(Liu)开(Kai)始(Shi)发(Fa)生(Sheng)在(Zai)导(Dao)致(Zhi)最(Zui)大(Da)可(Ke)能(Neng)值(Zhi)的(De)瞬(Shun)间(Jian)的(De)预(Yu)期(Qi)电(Dian)流(Liu)峰(Feng)值(Zhi)。(?)
注(Zhu)：(?)对(Dui)于(Yu)多(Duo)相(Xiang)电(Dian)路(Lu)中(Zhong)的(De)多(Duo)极(Ji)电(Dian)器(Qi)，(?)最(Zui)大(Da)预(Yu)期(Qi)峰(Feng)值(Zhi)电(Dian)流(Liu)只(Zhi)考(Kao)虑(Lu)一(Yi)极(Ji)。(?)
2.5.9 （(?)开(Kai)关(Guan)电(Dian)器(Qi)的(De)一(Yi)个(Ge)极(Ji)的(De)）(?)预(Yu)期(Qi)接(Jie)通(Tong)电(Dian)流(Liu) prospective making current (of a pole of a switching device)
在(Zai)规(Gui)定(Ding)的(De)条(Tiao)件(Jian)下(Xia)接(Jie)通(Tong)时(Shi)所(Suo)产(Chan)生(Sheng)的(De)预(Yu)期(Qi)电(Dian)流(Liu)。(?)
注(Zhu)：(?)规(Gui)定(Ding)的(De)条(Tiao)件(Jian)可(Ke)能(Neng)与(Yu)预(Yu)期(Qi)电(Dian)流(Liu)产(Chan)生(Sheng)的(De)方(Fang)式(Shi)有(You)关(Guan)，(?)例(Li)如(Ru)利(Li)用(Yong)一(Yi)个(Ge)理(Li)想(Xiang)的(De)开(Kai)关(Guan)电(Dian)器(Qi)；(?)或(Huo)与(Yu)其(Qi)产(Chan)生(Sheng)的(De)预(Yu)期(Qi)电(Dian)流(Liu)瞬(Shun)间(Jian)有(You)关(Guan)，(?)例(Li)如(Ru)交(Jiao)流(Liu)电(Dian)路(Lu)中(Zhong)导(Dao)致(Zhi)最(Zui)大(Da)预(Yu)期(Qi)电(Dian)流(Liu)的(De)瞬(Shun)间(Jian)；(?)或(Huo)与(Yu)最(Zui)大(Da)上(Shang)升(Sheng)率(Lu)有(You)关(Guan)，(?)这(Zhe)些(Xie)条(Tiao)件(Jian)在(Zai)有(You)关(Guan)产(Chan)品(Pin)标(Biao)准(Zhun)中(Zhong)规(Gui)定(Ding)。(?)
10 （(?)开(Kai)关(Guan)电(Dian)器(Qi)的(De)一(Yi)个(Ge)极(Ji)或(Huo)熔(Rong)断(Duan)器(Qi)的(De)）(?)预(Yu)期(Qi)分(Fen)断(Duan)电(Dian)流(Liu) prospective breaking current(of a pole of a switching device or fuse)
相(Xiang)应(Ying)于(Yu)分(Fen)断(Duan)过(Guo)程(Cheng)开(Kai)始(Shi)瞬(Shun)间(Jian)所(Suo)确(Que)定(Ding)的(De)预(Yu)期(Qi)电(Dian)流(Liu)。(?)
注(Zhu)：(?)有(You)关(Guan)分(Fen)断(Duan)过(Guo)程(Cheng)瞬(Shun)间(Jian)的(De)规(Gui)定(Ding)应(Ying)在(Zai)有(You)关(Guan)产(Chan)品(Pin)标(Biao)准(Zhun)中(Zhong)给(Gei)出(Chu)。(?)对(Dui)于(Yu)机(Ji)械(Xie)开(Kai)关(Guan)电(Dian)器(Qi)和(He)熔(Rong)断(Duan)器(Qi)，(?)通(Tong)常(Chang)是(Shi)在(Zai)分(Fen)断(Duan)过(Guo)程(Cheng)中(Zhong)燃(Ran)弧(Hu)产(Chan)生(Sheng)瞬(Shun)间(Jian)。(?)
11 （(?)开(Kai)关(Guan)电(Dian)器(Qi)或(Huo)熔(Rong)断(Duan)器(Qi)的(De)）(?)分(Fen)断(Duan)电(Dian)流(Liu) breaking current (of a switching device or fuse)
在(Zai)分(Fen)断(Duan)过(Guo)程(Cheng)中(Zhong)，(?)产(Chan)生(Sheng)电(Dian)弧(Hu)的(De)瞬(Shun)间(Jian)流(Liu)过(Guo)开(Kai)关(Guan)电(Dian)器(Qi)一(Yi)个(Ge)极(Ji)或(Huo)熔(Rong)断(Duan)器(Qi)的(De)电(Dian)流(Liu)值(Zhi)。(?)
注(Zhu)：(?)对(Dui)于(Yu)交(Jiao)流(Liu)，(?)电(Dian)流(Liu)用(Yong)交(Jiao)流(Liu)分(Fen)量(Liang)对(Dui)称(Cheng)有(You)效(Xiao)值(Zhi)表(Biao)示(Shi)。(?)
12 （(?)开(Kai)关(Guan)电(Dian)器(Qi)或(Huo)熔(Rong)断(Duan)器(Qi)的(De)）(?)分(Fen)断(Duan)能(Neng)力(Li) breaking capacity (of a switching device or fuse)
在(Zai)规(Gui)定(Ding)的(De)使(Shi)用(Yong)和(He)性(Xing)能(Neng)条(Tiao)件(Jian)下(Xia)，(?)开(Kai)关(Guan)电(Dian)器(Qi)或(Huo)熔(Rong)断(Duan)器(Qi)在(Zai)规(Gui)定(Ding)的(De)电(Dian)压(Ya)下(Xia)能(Neng)分(Fen)断(Duan)的(De)预(Yu)期(Qi)分(Fen)断(Duan)电(Dian)流(Liu)值(Zhi)。(?)
注(Zhu)：(?)1.规(Gui)定(Ding)的(De)电(Dian)压(Ya)和(He)条(Tiao)件(Jian)见(Jian)有(You)关(Guan)产(Chan)品(Pin)标(Biao)准(Zhun)。(?)
2.对(Dui)交(Jiao)流(Liu)，(?)电(Dian)流(Liu)用(Yong)交(Jiao)流(Liu)分(Fen)量(Liang)对(Dui)称(Cheng)有(You)效(Xiao)值(Zhi)表(Biao)示(Shi)。(?)
3.短(Duan)路(Lu)电(Dian)流(Liu)分(Fen)断(Duan)能(Neng)力(Li)见(Jian)14。(?)
13 （(?)开(Kai)关(Guan)电(Dian)器(Qi)的(De)）(?)接(Jie)通(Tong)能(Neng)力(Li) making capacity（(?)of a mechanical device)
在(Zai)规(Gui)定(Ding)的(De)使(Shi)用(Yong)和(He)性(Xing)能(Neng)条(Tiao)件(Jian)下(Xia)，(?)开(Kai)关(Guan)电(Dian)器(Qi)能(Neng)在(Zai)规(Gui)定(Ding)的(De)电(Dian)压(Ya)下(Xia)能(Neng)接(Jie)通(Tong)的(De)预(Yu)期(Qi)接(Jie)通(Tong)电(Dian)流(Liu)值(Zhi)。(?)
注(Zhu)：(?)1.规(Gui)定(Ding)的(De)电(Dian)压(Ya)和(He)条(Tiao)件(Jian)见(Jian)有(You)关(Guan)产(Chan)品(Pin)标(Biao)准(Zhun)。(?)
2.短(Duan)路(Lu)接(Jie)通(Tong)能(Neng)力(Li)见(Jian)15。(?)
14 短(Duan)路(Lu)分(Fen)断(Duan)能(Neng)力(Li) short-circuet breaking capacity
在(Zai)规(Gui)定(Ding)的(De)条(Tiao)件(Jian)下(Xia)，(?)包(Bao)括(Kuo)开(Kai)关(Guan)电(Dian)器(Qi)出(Chu)线(Xian)端(Duan)短(Duan)路(Lu)在(Zai)内(Nei)的(De)分(Fen)断(Duan)能(Neng)力(Li)。(?)
15 短(Duan)路(Lu)接(Jie)通(Tong)能(Neng)力(Li) short-circuit making capacity
在(Zai)规(Gui)定(Ding)的(De)条(Tiao)件(Jian)下(Xia)，(?)包(Bao)括(Kuo)开(Kai)关(Guan)电(Dian)器(Qi)出(Chu)线(Xian)端(Duan)短(Duan)路(Lu)在(Zai)内(Nei)的(De)接(Jie)通(Tong)能(Neng)力(Li)。(?)
16 临(Lin)界(Jie)负(Fu)载(Zai)电(Dian)流(Liu) critical load current
在(Zai)使(Shi)用(Yong)条(Tiao)件(Jian)范(Fan)围(Wei)内(Nei)燃(Ran)弧(Hu)时(Shi)间(Jian)明(Ming)显(Xian)延(Yan)长(Chang)的(De)分(Fen)断(Duan)电(Dian)流(Liu)。(?)
17 临(Lin)界(Jie)短(Duan)路(Lu)电(Dian)流(Liu) critical short-circuit current
小(Xiao)于(Yu)额(E)定(Ding)短(Duan)路(Lu)分(Fen)断(Duan)能(Neng)力(Li)，(?)但(Dan)其(Qi)电(Dian)弧(Hu)能(Neng)量(Liang)明(Ming)显(Xian)高(Gao)于(Yu)额(E)定(Ding)短(Duan)路(Lu)分(Fen)断(Duan)能(Neng)力(Li)时(Shi)电(Dian)弧(Hu)能(Neng)量(Liang)的(De)分(Fen)断(Duan)电(Dian)流(Liu)值(Zhi)。(?)
18 焦(Jiao)耳(?)积(Ji)分(Fen)（(?)I2t）(?) joule integral（(?)I2t）(?)
19 截(Jie)断(Duan)电(Dian)流(Liu)（(?)允(Yun)通(Tong)电(Dian)流(Liu)）(?)cut-off current (let-through current)
开(Kai)关(Guan)电(Dian)器(Qi)或(Huo)熔(Rong)断(Duan)器(Qi)在(Zai)分(Fen)断(Duan)动(Dong)作(Zuo)中(Zhong)达(Da)到(Dao)的(De)最(Zui)大(Da)瞬(Shun)时(Shi)电(Dian)流(Liu)值(Zhi)。(?)
注(Zhu)：(?)当(Dang)电(Dian)路(Lu)电(Dian)流(Liu)尚(Shang)未(Wei)达(Da)到(Dao)预(Yu)期(Qi)电(Dian)流(Liu)峰(Feng)值(Zhi)情(Qing)况(Kuang)下(Xia)，(?)开(Kai)关(Guan)电(Dian)器(Qi)或(Huo)熔(Rong)断(Duan)器(Qi)分(Fen)断(Duan)时(Shi)这(Zhe)一(Yi)概(Gai)念(Nian)特(Te)别(Bie)重(Zhong)要(Yao)。(?)
20 时(Shi)间(Jian)－(?)电(Dian)流(Liu)特(Te)性(Xing) time-current characteristic
在(Zai)规(Gui)定(Ding)的(De)运(Yun)行(Xing)条(Tiao)件(Jian)下(Xia)，(?)表(Biao)示(Shi)弧(Hu)前(Qian)时(Shi)间(Jian)或(Huo)熔(Rong)断(Duan)时(Shi)间(Jian)为(Wei)预(Yu)期(Qi)电(Dian)流(Liu)的(De)函(Han)数(Shu)曲(Qu)线(Xian)。(?)
21 截(Jie)断(Duan)电(Dian)流(Liu)特(Te)性(Xing)；(?)允(Yun)通(Tong)电(Dian)流(Liu)特(Te)性(Xing) cut-off(current) characteristic
let-through (current) characteristic
在(Zai)规(Gui)定(Ding)的(De)运(Yun)行(Xing)条(Tiao)件(Jian)下(Xia)，(?)截(Jie)断(Duan)电(Dian)流(Liu)为(Wei)预(Yu)期(Qi)电(Dian)流(Liu)的(De)函(Han)数(Shu)曲(Qu)线(Xian)。(?)
注(Zhu)：(?)在(Zai)交(Jiao)流(Liu)情(Qing)况(Kuang)下(Xia)，(?)截(Jie)断(Duan)电(Dian)流(Liu)是(Shi)任(Ren)何(He)非(Fei)对(Dui)称(Cheng)程(Cheng)度(Du)下(Xia)所(Suo)能(Neng)达(Da)到(Dao)的(De)最(Zui)大(Da)值(Zhi)。(?)在(Zai)直(Zhi)流(Liu)情(Qing)况(Kuang)下(Xia)截(Jie)断(Duan)电(Dian)流(Liu)是(Shi)在(Zai)规(Gui)定(Ding)的(De)时(Shi)间(Jian)常(Chang)数(Shu)下(Xia)所(Suo)达(Da)到(Dao)的(De)最(Zui)大(Da)值(Zhi)。(?)
2.5.22 过(Guo)电(Dian)流(Liu)保(Bao)护(Hu)电(Dian)器(Qi)的(De)过(Guo)电(Dian)流(Liu)保(Bao)护(Hu)配(Pei)合(He) over-current protective co-ordination of over-current protective device
两(Liang)个(Ge)或(Huo)多(Duo)个(Ge)过(Guo)电(Dian)流(Liu)保(Bao)护(Hu)电(Dian)器(Qi)串(Chuan)联(Lian)起(Qi)来(Lai)，(?)用(Yong)以(Yi)保(Bao)证(Zheng)过(Guo)电(Dian)流(Liu)选(Xuan)择(Ze)性(Xing)保(Bao)护(Hu)和(He)/或(Huo)后(Hou)备(Bei)保(Bao)护(Hu)。(?)
23 过(Guo)电(Dian)流(Liu)选(Xuan)择(Ze)性(Xing) over-current discrimination
两(Liang)个(Ge)或(Huo)多(Duo)个(Ge)过(Guo)电(Dian)流(Liu)保(Bao)护(Hu)装(Zhuang)置(Zhi)之(Zhi)间(Jian)的(De)动(Dong)作(Zuo)特(Te)性(Xing)的(De)配(Pei)合(He)。(?)在(Zai)给(Gei)定(Ding)的(De)范(Fan)围(Wei)内(Nei)出(Chu)现(Xian)过(Guo)电(Dian)流(Liu)时(Shi)，(?)指(Zhi)定(Ding)在(Zai)这(Zhe)个(Ge)范(Fan)围(Wei)动(Dong)作(Zuo)的(De)装(Zhuang)置(Zhi)动(Dong)作(Zuo)，(?)而(?)其(Qi)它(Ta)装(Zhuang)置(Zhi)不(Bu)动(Dong)作(Zuo)。(?)
注(Zhu)：(?)串(Chuan)联(Lian)选(Xuan)择(Ze)性(Xing)和(He)网(Wang)络(Luo)选(Xuan)择(Ze)性(Xing)是(Shi)有(You)区(Qu)别(Bie)的(De)，(?)串(Chuan)联(Lian)选(Xuan)择(Ze)性(Xing)包(Bao)含(Han)不(Bu)同(Tong)的(De)过(Guo)电(Dian)流(Liu)保(Bao)护(Hu)电(Dian)器(Qi)同(Tong)时(Shi)通(Tong)过(Guo)同(Tong)一(Yi)过(Guo)电(Dian)流(Liu)；(?)网(Wang)络(Luo)选(Xuan)择(Ze)性(Xing)包(Bao)含(Han)同(Tong)一(Yi)保(Bao)护(Hu)电(Dian)器(Qi)通(Tong)过(Guo)不(Bu)同(Tong)大(Da)小(Xiao)的(De)过(Guo)电(Dian)流(Liu)。(?)
24 后(Hou)备(Bei)保(Bao)护(Hu) back-up protection
两(Liang)个(Ge)串(Chuan)联(Lian)的(De)过(Guo)电(Dian)流(Liu)保(Bao)护(Hu)电(Dian)器(Qi)的(De)一(Yi)种(Zhong)过(Guo)电(Dian)流(Liu)配(Pei)合(He)。(?)电(Dian)源(Yuan)侧(Ce)保(Bao)护(Hu)电(Dian)器(Qi)（(?)一(Yi)般(Ban)是(Shi)电(Dian)源(Yuan)侧(Ce)，(?)但(Dan)并(Bing)非(Fei)一(Yi)定(Ding)是(Shi)电(Dian)源(Yuan)侧(Ce)电(Dian)器(Qi)）(?)在(Zai)有(You)/无(Wu)另(Ling)一(Yi)保(Bao)护(Hu)电(Dian)器(Qi)的(De)帮(Bang)助(Zhu)下(Xia)实(Shi)现(Xian)过(Guo)电(Dian)流(Liu)保(Bao)护(Hu)，(?)并(Bing)防(Fang)止(Zhi)另(Ling)一(Yi)个(Ge)保(Bao)护(Hu)电(Dian)器(Qi)的(De)过(Guo)负(Fu)荷(He)。(?)
25 交(Jiao)接(Jie)电(Dian)流(Liu) take-over current
对(Dui)应(Ying)于(Yu)两(Liang)个(Ge)过(Guo)电(Dian)流(Liu)保(Bao)护(Hu)电(Dian)器(Qi)的(De)时(Shi)间(Jian)－(?)电(Dian)流(Liu)特(Te)性(Xing)曲(Qu)线(Xian)的(De)交(Jiao)点(Dian)处(Chu)的(De)电(Dian)流(Liu)值(Zhi)。(?)
26 短(Duan)延(Yan)时(Shi) short-time delay
在(Zai)额(E)定(Ding)短(Duan)时(Shi)耐(Nai)受(Shou)电(Dian)流(Liu)范(Fan)围(Wei)内(Nei)动(Dong)作(Zuo)的(De)故(Gu)意(Yi)时(Shi)间(Jian)延(Yan)时(Shi)。(?)
27 短(Duan)时(Shi)耐(Nai)受(Shou)电(Dian)流(Liu) short-time withstand
在(Zai)规(Gui)定(Ding)的(De)使(Shi)用(Yong)和(He)性(Xing)能(Neng)条(Tiao)件(Jian)下(Xia)，(?)电(Dian)路(Lu)或(Huo)在(Zai)闭(Bi)合(He)位(Wei)置(Zhi)上(Shang)的(De)开(Kai)关(Guan)电(Dian)器(Qi)在(Zai)指(Zhi)定(Ding)的(De)短(Duan)时(Shi)间(Jian)内(Nei)所(Suo)能(Neng)承(Cheng)载(Zai)的(De)电(Dian)流(Liu)。(?)
28 峰(Feng)值(Zhi)耐(Nai)受(Shou)电(Dian)流(Liu) peak withstand current
在(Zai)规(Gui)定(Ding)的(De)使(Shi)用(Yong)和(He)性(Xing)能(Neng)条(Tiao)件(Jian)下(Xia)，(?)电(Dian)路(Lu)或(Huo)在(Zai)闭(Bi)合(He)位(Wei)置(Zhi)上(Shang)的(De)开(Kai)关(Guan)电(Dian)器(Qi)所(Suo)能(Neng)承(Cheng)受(Shou)的(De)电(Dian)流(Liu)峰(Feng)值(Zhi)。(?)
29 （(?)电(Dian)路(Lu)或(Huo)开(Kai)关(Guan)电(Dian)器(Qi)的(De)）(?)限(Xian)制(Zhi)短(Duan)路(Lu)电(Dian)流(Liu) conditional short circuit current (of a circuit or a switching device)
在(Zai)规(Gui)定(Ding)的(De)使(Shi)用(Yong)和(He)性(Xing)能(Neng)条(Tiao)件(Jian)下(Xia)，(?)由(You)规(Gui)定(Ding)的(De)短(Duan)路(Lu)保(Bao)护(Hu)电(Dian)器(Qi)来(Lai)保(Bao)护(Hu)的(De)电(Dian)路(Lu)或(Huo)开(Kai)关(Guan)电(Dian)器(Qi)在(Zai)该(Gai)短(Duan)路(Lu)保(Bao)护(Hu)电(Dian)器(Qi)动(Dong)作(Zuo)时(Shi)所(Suo)能(Neng)承(Cheng)受(Shou)的(De)预(Yu)期(Qi)电(Dian)流(Liu)。(?)
注(Zhu)：(?)1.对(Dui)于(Yu)本(Ben)标(Biao)准(Zhun)，(?)短(Duan)路(Lu)保(Bao)护(Hu)电(Dian)器(Qi)一(Yi)般(Ban)指(Zhi)断(Duan)路(Lu)器(Qi)或(Huo)熔(Rong)断(Duan)器(Qi)。(?)
2.定(Ding)义(Yi)把(Ba)限(Xian)流(Liu)电(Dian)器(Qi)的(De)概(Gai)念(Nian)扩(Kuo)展(Zhan)到(Dao)短(Duan)路(Lu)保(Bao)护(Hu)电(Dian)器(Qi)，(?)短(Duan)路(Lu)保(Bao)护(Hu)电(Dian)器(Qi)的(De)功(Gong)能(Neng)不(Bu)仅(Jin)只(Zhi)局(Ju)限(Xian)于(Yu)限(Xian)流(Liu)作(Zuo)用(Yong)。(?)
30（(?)过(Guo)电(Dian)流(Liu)继(Ji)电(Dian)器(Qi)或(Huo)脱(Tuo)扣(Kou)器(Qi)的(De)）(?)约(Yue)定(Ding)不(Bu)脱(Tuo)扣(Kou)电(Dian)流(Liu) conventional non-tripping current(of a over current relay or release)
在(Zai)规(Gui)定(Ding)的(De)时(Shi)间(Jian)（(?)约(Yue)定(Ding)时(Shi)间(Jian)）(?)内(Nei)，(?)继(Ji)电(Dian)器(Qi)或(Huo)脱(Tuo)扣(Kou)器(Qi)能(Neng)承(Cheng)载(Zai)而(?)不(Bu)动(Dong)作(Zuo)的(De)规(Gui)定(Ding)电(Dian)流(Liu)值(Zhi)。(?)
31（(?)过(Guo)电(Dian)流(Liu)继(Ji)电(Dian)器(Qi)或(Huo)脱(Tuo)扣(Kou)器(Qi)的(De)）(?)约(Yue)定(Ding)脱(Tuo)扣(Kou)电(Dian)流(Liu) conventional tripping current (of a over current relay or release)
在(Zai)规(Gui)定(Ding)的(De)时(Shi)间(Jian)（(?)约(Yue)定(Ding)时(Shi)间(Jian)）(?)内(Nei)，(?)引(Yin)起(Qi)继(Ji)电(Dian)器(Qi)或(Huo)脱(Tuo)扣(Kou)器(Qi)动(Dong)作(Zuo)的(De)规(Gui)定(Ding)电(Dian)流(Liu)值(Zhi)。(?)
32 （(?)开(Kai)关(Guan)电(Dian)器(Qi)）(?)外(Wai)施(Shi)电(Dian)压(Ya) applied voltage (for a switching device)
在(Zai)刚(Gang)接(Jie)通(Tong)电(Dian)流(Liu)前(Qian)，(?)加(Jia)在(Zai)开(Kai)关(Guan)电(Dian)器(Qi)一(Yi)个(Ge)极(Ji)的(De)两(Liang)接(Jie)线(Xian)端(Duan)子(Zi)间(Jian)的(De)电(Dian)压(Ya)。(?)
注(Zhu)：(?)这(Zhe)一(Yi)定(Ding)义(Yi)适(Shi)用(Yong)于(Yu)单(Dan)极(Ji)电(Dian)器(Qi)，(?)对(Dui)于(Yu)多(Duo)极(Ji)电(Dian)器(Qi)，(?)外(Wai)施(Shi)电(Dian)压(Ya)指(Zhi)电(Dian)器(Qi)电(Dian)源(Yuan)接(Jie)线(Xian)端(Duan)子(Zi)间(Jian)的(De)相(Xiang)对(Dui)相(Xiang)电(Dian)压(Ya)。(?)
33 恢(Hui)复(Fu)电(Dian)压(Ya) recovery voltage
在(Zai)分(Fen)断(Duan)电(Dian)流(Liu)后(Hou)，(?)在(Zai)开(Kai)关(Guan)电(Dian)器(Qi)的(De)一(Yi)个(Ge)极(Ji)或(Huo)熔(Rong)断(Duan)器(Qi)的(De)两(Liang)接(Jie)线(Xian)端(Duan)子(Zi)间(Jian)出(Chu)现(Xian)的(De)电(Dian)压(Ya)。(?)
注(Zhu)：(?)1.该(Gai)电(Dian)压(Ya)可(Ke)认(Ren)为(Wei)有(You)两(Liang)个(Ge)连(Lian)续(Xu)的(De)时(Shi)间(Jian)间(Jian)隔(Ge)，(?)在(Zai)第(Di)一(Yi)个(Ge)时(Shi)间(Jian)间(Jian)隔(Ge)内(Nei)为(Wei)瞬(Shun)态(Tai)电(Dian)压(Ya)，(?)在(Zai)随(Sui)后(Hou)的(De)第(Di)二(?)个(Ge)时(Shi)间(Jian)间(Jian)隔(Ge)内(Nei)仅(Jin)存(Cun)
在(Zai)稳(Wen)态(Tai)恢(Hui)复(Fu)电(Dian)压(Ya)或(Huo)工(Gong)频(Pin)电(Dian)压(Ya)。(?)
2.上(Shang)述(Shu)定(Ding)义(Yi)适(Shi)用(Yong)于(Yu)单(Dan)极(Ji)电(Dian)器(Qi)，(?)对(Dui)于(Yu)多(Duo)极(Ji)电(Dian)器(Qi)，(?)恢(Hui)复(Fu)电(Dian)压(Ya)指(Zhi)电(Dian)器(Qi)电(Dian)源(Yuan)接(Jie)线(Xian)端(Duan)子(Zi)间(Jian)的(De)相(Xiang)对(Dui)相(Xiang)电(Dian)压(Ya)。(?)
34 瞬(Shun)态(Tai)恢(Hui)复(Fu)电(Dian)压(Ya) transient recovery voltage
在(Zai)具(Ju)有(You)显(Xian)著(Zhu)瞬(Shun)态(Tai)特(Te)征(Zheng)的(De)时(Shi)间(Jian)内(Nei)的(De)恢(Hui)复(Fu)电(Dian)压(Ya)。(?)
注(Zhu)：(?)瞬(Shun)态(Tai)电(Dian)压(Ya)可(Ke)以(Yi)是(Shi)振(Zhen)荡(Dang)的(De)或(Huo)非(Fei)振(Zhen)荡(Dang)的(De)或(Huo)二(?)者(Zhe)的(De)结(Jie)合(He)，(?)这(Zhe)取(Qu)决(Jue)于(Yu)电(Dian)路(Lu)、(?)开(Kai)关(Guan)电(Dian)器(Qi)或(Huo)熔(Rong)断(Duan)器(Qi)的(De)特(Te)性(Xing)。(?)瞬(Shun)态(Tai)电(Dian)压(Ya)包(Bao)括(Kuo)多(Duo)相(Xiang)电(Dian)路(Lu)的(De)中(Zhong)性(Xing)点(Dian)电(Dian)压(Ya)偏(Pian)移(Yi)。(?)
35 工(Gong)频(Pin)恢(Hui)复(Fu)电(Dian)压(Ya) power-frequency recovery voltage
在(Zai)瞬(Shun)态(Tai)电(Dian)压(Ya)现(Xian)象(Xiang)消(Xiao)失(Shi)后(Hou)的(De)恢(Hui)复(Fu)电(Dian)压(Ya)。(?)
36 直(Zhi)流(Liu)稳(Wen)态(Tai)恢(Hui)复(Fu)电(Dian)压(Ya) D.C.steady-state recovery voltage
在(Zai)直(Zhi)流(Liu)电(Dian)路(Lu)中(Zhong)瞬(Shun)态(Tai)电(Dian)压(Ya)现(Xian)象(Xiang)消(Xiao)失(Shi)后(Hou)的(De)恢(Hui)复(Fu)电(Dian)压(Ya)，(?)如(Ru)存(Cun)在(Zai)波(Bo)纹(Wen)，(?)此(Ci)电(Dian)压(Ya)用(Yong)平(Ping)均(Jun)值(Zhi)表(Biao)示(Shi)。(?)
37 （(?)电(Dian)路(Lu)的(De)）(?)预(Yu)期(Qi)瞬(Shun)态(Tai)恢(Hui)复(Fu)电(Dian)压(Ya) prospective transient recovery voltage (of a circuit)
由(You)理(Li)想(Xiang)的(De)开(Kai)关(Guan)电(Dian)器(Qi)分(Fen)断(Duan)预(Yu)期(Qi)对(Dui)称(Cheng)电(Dian)流(Liu)后(Hou)的(De)瞬(Shun)态(Tai)恢(Hui)复(Fu)电(Dian)压(Ya)。(?)
注(Zhu)：(?)上(Shang)述(Shu)定(Ding)义(Yi)假(Jia)设(She)对(Dui)所(Suo)有(You)要(Yao)测(Ce)量(Liang)的(De)预(Yu)期(Qi)瞬(Shun)态(Tai)恢(Hui)复(Fu)电(Dian)压(Ya)的(De)开(Kai)关(Guan)电(Dian)器(Qi)或(Huo)熔(Rong)断(Duan)器(Qi)是(Shi)由(You)一(Yi)理(Li)想(Xiang)的(De)开(Kai)关(Guan)电(Dian)器(Qi)所(Suo)代(Dai)替(Ti)，(?)即(Ji)在(Zai)零(Ling)电(Dian)流(Liu)（(?)即(Ji)自(Zi)然(Ran)过(Guo)零(Ling)）(?)瞬(Shun)间(Jian)阻(Zu)抗(Kang)立(Li)即(Ji)从(Cong)零(Ling)变(Bian)到(Dao)无(Wu)穷(Qiong)大(Da)，(?)对(Dui)于(Yu)电(Dian)流(Liu)能(Neng)流(Liu)经(Jing)几(Ji)个(Ge)不(Bu)同(Tong)路(Lu)径(Jing)的(De)电(Dian)路(Lu)，(?)如(Ru)多(Duo)相(Xiang)电(Dian)路(Lu)，(?)此(Ci)定(Ding)义(Yi)进(Jin)一(Yi)步(Bu)假(Jia)设(She)由(You)理(Li)想(Xiang)开(Kai)关(Guan)电(Dian)器(Qi)分(Fen)断(Duan)电(Dian)流(Liu)只(Zhi)在(Zai)所(Suo)考(Kao)虑(Lu)的(De)一(Yi)极(Ji)上(Shang)发(Fa)生(Sheng)。(?)
38 （(?)机(Ji)械(Xie)开(Kai)关(Guan)电(Dian)器(Qi)的(De)）(?)电(Dian)弧(Hu)电(Dian)压(Ya)峰(Feng)值(Zhi) peak arc voltage (of a mechanical switching device)
在(Zai)规(Gui)定(Ding)的(De)条(Tiao)件(Jian)下(Xia)，(?)在(Zai)燃(Ran)弧(Hu)期(Qi)间(Jian)内(Nei)出(Chu)现(Xian)在(Zai)开(Kai)关(Guan)电(Dian)器(Qi)一(Yi)个(Ge)极(Ji)的(De)两(Liang)端(Duan)子(Zi)间(Jian)的(De)电(Dian)压(Ya)最(Zui)大(Da)瞬(Shun)时(Shi)值(Zhi)。(?)
39 （(?)机(Ji)械(Xie)开(Kai)关(Guan)电(Dian)器(Qi)的(De)）(?)断(Duan)开(Kai)时(Shi)间(Jian) opening time (of a mechanical switching device)
开(Kai)关(Guan)电(Dian)器(Qi)从(Cong)断(Duan)开(Kai)操(Cao)作(Zuo)开(Kai)始(Shi)瞬(Shun)间(Jian)到(Dao)所(Suo)有(You)极(Ji)的(De)弧(Hu)触(Chu)头(Tou)都(Du)分(Fen)开(Kai)瞬(Shun)间(Jian)为(Wei)止(Zhi)的(De)时(Shi)间(Jian)间(Jian)隔(Ge)。(?)
注(Zhu)：(?)断(Duan)开(Kai)操(Cao)作(Zuo)开(Kai)始(Shi)的(De)瞬(Shun)间(Jian)，(?)即(Ji)发(Fa)出(Chu)断(Duan)开(Kai)命(Ming)令(Ling)的(De)瞬(Shun)间(Jian)（(?)例(Li)如(Ru)施(Shi)加(Jia)脱(Tuo)扣(Kou)电(Dian)流(Liu)等(Deng)）(?)在(Zai)有(You)关(Guan)产(Chan)品(Pin)标(Biao)准(Zhun)规(Gui)定(Ding)。(?)
40 （(?)一(Yi)极(Ji)或(Huo)熔(Rong)断(Duan)器(Qi)的(De)）(?)燃(Ran)弧(Hu)时(Shi)间(Jian) arcing time (of a pole or fuse)
从(Cong)开(Kai)关(Guan)电(Dian)器(Qi)一(Yi)极(Ji)或(Huo)熔(Rong)断(Duan)器(Qi)开(Kai)始(Shi)出(Chu)现(Xian)燃(Ran)弧(Hu)的(De)瞬(Shun)间(Jian)起(Qi)到(Dao)该(Gai)极(Ji)或(Huo)该(Gai)熔(Rong)断(Duan)器(Qi)中(Zhong)电(Dian)弧(Hu)最(Zui)终(Zhong)熄(Xi)灭(Mie)的(De)瞬(Shun)间(Jian)止(Zhi)的(De)时(Shi)间(Jian)间(Jian)隔(Ge)。(?)
41 （(?)多(Duo)极(Ji)开(Kai)关(Guan)电(Dian)器(Qi)的(De)）(?)燃(Ran)弧(Hu)时(Shi)间(Jian) arcing time (of multipole switching device)
从(Cong)第(Di)一(Yi)个(Ge)电(Dian)弧(Hu)产(Chan)生(Sheng)的(De)瞬(Shun)间(Jian)起(Qi)到(Dao)所(Suo)有(You)极(Ji)电(Dian)弧(Hu)最(Zui)终(Zhong)熄(Xi)灭(Mie)的(De)瞬(Shun)间(Jian)止(Zhi)的(De)时(Shi)间(Jian)间(Jian)隔(Ge)。(?)
42 分(Fen)断(Duan)时(Shi)间(Jian) break time
从(Cong)机(Ji)械(Xie)开(Kai)关(Guan)电(Dian)器(Qi)的(De)断(Duan)开(Kai)瞬(Shun)间(Jian)（(?)或(Huo)熔(Rong)断(Duan)器(Qi)的(De)弧(Hu)前(Qian)时(Shi)间(Jian)）(?)开(Kai)始(Shi)时(Shi)起(Qi)，(?)到(Dao)燃(Ran)弧(Hu)时(Shi)间(Jian)结(Jie)束(Shu)瞬(Shun)间(Jian)止(Zhi)的(De)时(Shi)间(Jian)间(Jian)隔(Ge)。(?)
43 接(Jie)通(Tong)时(Shi)间(Jian) make time
从(Cong)机(Ji)械(Xie)开(Kai)关(Guan)电(Dian)器(Qi)闭(Bi)合(He)操(Cao)作(Zuo)开(Kai)始(Shi)瞬(Shun)间(Jian)起(Qi)到(Dao)电(Dian)流(Liu)开(Kai)始(Shi)流(Liu)过(Guo)主(Zhu)电(Dian)路(Lu)瞬(Shun)间(Jian)止(Zhi)的(De)时(Shi)间(Jian)间(Jian)隔(Ge)。(?)
44 闭(Bi)合(He)时(Shi)间(Jian) closing time
开(Kai)关(Guan)电(Dian)器(Qi)从(Cong)闭(Bi)合(He)操(Cao)作(Zuo)开(Kai)始(Shi)瞬(Shun)间(Jian)起(Qi)到(Dao)所(Suo)有(You)极(Ji)的(De)触(Chu)头(Tou)都(Du)接(Jie)触(Chu)时(Shi)瞬(Shun)间(Jian)止(Zhi)的(De)时(Shi)间(Jian)间(Jian)隔(Ge)。(?)
45 通(Tong)断(Duan)时(Shi)间(Jian) make-break time
对(Dui)在(Zai)主(Zhu)电(Dian)路(Lu)内(Nei)电(Dian)流(Liu)开(Kai)始(Shi)流(Liu)过(Guo)的(De)瞬(Shun)间(Jian)通(Tong)电(Dian)而(?)断(Duan)开(Kai)的(De)脱(Tuo)扣(Kou)器(Qi)来(Lai)说(Shuo)，(?)是(Shi)指(Zhi)从(Cong)电(Dian)流(Liu)开(Kai)始(Shi)在(Zai)开(Kai)关(Guan)电(Dian)器(Qi)的(De)一(Yi)个(Ge)极(Ji)流(Liu)过(Guo)瞬(Shun)间(Jian)起(Qi)到(Dao)所(Suo)有(You)极(Ji)电(Dian)弧(Hu)最(Zui)终(Zhong)熄(Xi)灭(Mie)瞬(Shun)间(Jian)止(Zhi)的(De)时(Shi)间(Jian)间(Jian)隔(Ge)。(?)
46 电(Dian)气(Qi)间(Jian)隙(Xi) clearance
两(Liang)个(Ge)导(Dao)电(Dian)部(Bu)件(Jian)间(Jian)最(Zui)短(Duan)的(De)直(Zhi)线(Xian)距(Ju)离(Li)。(?)
47 极(Ji)间(Jian)的(De)电(Dian)气(Qi)间(Jian)隙(Xi) clearance between poles
相(Xiang)邻(Lin)极(Ji)间(Jian)的(De)任(Ren)何(He)导(Dao)电(Dian)部(Bu)件(Jian)间(Jian)的(De)电(Dian)气(Qi)间(Jian)隙(Xi)。(?)
2.4.48 对(Dui)地(Di)电(Dian)气(Qi)间(Jian)隙(Xi) clearance to earth
任(Ren)何(He)导(Dao)电(Dian)部(Bu)件(Jian)与(Yu)任(Ren)何(He)接(Jie)地(Di)部(Bu)件(Jian)或(Huo)用(Yong)作(Zuo)接(Jie)地(Di)的(De)部(Bu)件(Jian)之(Zhi)间(Jian)的(De)电(Dian)气(Qi)间(Jian)隙(Xi)。(?)
2.4.49 断(Duan)开(Kai)触(Chu)头(Tou)间(Jian)的(De)电(Dian)气(Qi)间(Jian)隙(Xi)（(?)开(Kai)距(Ju)）(?) clearance between open contacts（(?)gap）(?)
在(Zai)断(Duan)开(Kai)位(Wei)置(Zhi)时(Shi)机(Ji)械(Xie)开(Kai)关(Guan)电(Dian)器(Qi)一(Yi)极(Ji)的(De)触(Chu)头(Tou)间(Jian)或(Huo)与(Yu)触(Chu)头(Tou)相(Xiang)连(Lian)的(De)任(Ren)何(He)导(Dao)电(Dian)部(Bu)件(Jian)间(Jian)的(De)总(Zong)电(Dian)气(Qi)间(Jian)隙(Xi)
50 （(?)机(Ji)械(Xie)开(Kai)关(Guan)电(Dian)器(Qi)一(Yi)极(Ji)的(De)）(?)隔(Ge)离(Li)距(Ju)离(Li) isolating distance (of a pole of a mechanical switching device)
在(Zai)满(Man)足(Zu)规(Gui)定(Ding)的(De)隔(Ge)离(Li)器(Qi)安(An)全(Quan)要(Yao)求(Qiu)时(Shi)处(Chu)于(Yu)断(Duan)开(Kai)位(Wei)置(Zhi)触(Chu)头(Tou)间(Jian)的(De)电(Dian)气(Qi)间(Jian)隙(Xi)。(?)
51 爬(Pa)电(Dian)距(Ju)离(Li) creepage distance
两(Liang)导(Dao)电(Dian)部(Bu)件(Jian)间(Jian)沿(Yan)绝(Jue)缘(Yuan)材(Cai)料(Liao)表(Biao)面(Mian)的(De)最(Zui)短(Duan)距(Ju)离(Li)。(?)
注(Zhu)：(?)两(Liang)个(Ge)绝(Jue)缘(Yuan)材(Cai)料(Liao)部(Bu)件(Jian)间(Jian)接(Jie)缝(Feng)认(Ren)为(Wei)是(Shi)表(Biao)面(Mian)部(Bu)分(Fen)。(?)
52 工(Gong)作(Zuo)电(Dian)压(Ya)（(?)实(Shi)际(Ji)工(Gong)作(Zuo)电(Dian)压(Ya)）(?) working voltage
在(Zai)额(E)定(Ding)电(Dian)源(Yuan)电(Dian)压(Ya)下(Xia)可(Ke)能(Neng)产(Chan)生(Sheng)（(?)局(Ju)部(Bu)地(Di)）(?)在(Zai)任(Ren)何(He)绝(Jue)缘(Yuan)端(Duan)实(Shi)际(Ji)出(Chu)现(Xian)的(De)最(Zui)高(Gao)交(Jiao)流(Liu)电(Dian)压(Ya)有(You)效(Xiao)值(Zhi)或(Huo)最(Zui)高(Gao)直(Zhi)流(Liu)电(Dian)压(Ya)值(Zhi)。(?)
注(Zhu)：(?)1.此(Ci)定(Ding)义(Yi)不(Bu)考(Kao)虑(Lu)瞬(Shun)态(Tai)电(Dian)压(Ya)。(?)
2.开(Kai)路(Lu)条(Tiao)件(Jian)和(He)正(Zheng)常(Chang)工(Gong)作(Zuo)条(Tiao)件(Jian)应(Ying)考(Kao)虑(Lu)在(Zai)内(Nei)。(?)
53 暂(Zan)态(Tai)过(Guo)电(Dian)压(Ya) temporary overvoltage
在(Zai)一(Yi)定(Ding)的(De)位(Wei)置(Zhi)上(Shang)的(De)和(He)具(Ju)有(You)持(Chi)续(Xu)相(Xiang)当(Dang)长(Chang)时(Shi)间(Jian)（(?)几(Ji)秒(Miao)钟(Zhong)）(?)的(De)相(Xiang)对(Dui)地(Di)、(?)相(Xiang)对(Dui)中(Zhong)性(Xing)点(Dian)或(Huo)相(Xiang)对(Dui)相(Xiang)过(Guo)电(Dian)压(Ya)。(?)
54 瞬(Shun)态(Tai)过(Guo)电(Dian)压(Ya) transient overvoltage
本(Ben)标(Biao)准(Zhun)瞬(Shun)态(Tai)过(Guo)电(Dian)压(Ya)含(Han)义(Yi)有(You)以(Yi)下(Xia)几(Ji)种(Zhong)：(?)
54.1 通(Tong)断(Duan)过(Guo)电(Dian)压(Ya) switching overviltage
因(Yin)特(Te)定(Ding)的(De)通(Tong)断(Duan)操(Cao)作(Zuo)或(Huo)故(Gu)障(Zhang)，(?)在(Zai)系(Xi)统(Tong)中(Zhong)的(De)一(Yi)定(Ding)位(Wei)置(Zhi)上(Shang)出(Chu)现(Xian)的(De)瞬(Shun)态(Tai)过(Guo)电(Dian)压(Ya)。(?)
54.2 雷(Lei)击(Ji)过(Guo)电(Dian)压(Ya) lightning overvoltage
因(Yin)特(Te)定(Ding)的(De)雷(Lei)击(Ji)放(Fang)电(Dian)，(?)在(Zai)系(Xi)统(Tong)中(Zhong)的(De)一(Yi)定(Ding)位(Wei)置(Zhi)上(Shang)出(Chu)现(Xian)的(De)瞬(Shun)态(Tai)过(Guo)电(Dian)压(Ya)（(?)见(Jian)IEC 60060和(He)GB 311.1）(?)。(?)
54.3 功(Gong)能(Neng)过(Guo)电(Dian)压(Ya) functional over voltage
为(Wei)了(Liao)电(Dian)器(Qi)的(De)功(Gong)能(Neng)所(Suo)需(Xu)而(?)有(You)意(Yi)识(Shi)地(Di)施(Shi)加(Jia)的(De)过(Guo)电(Dian)压(Ya)。(?)
55 冲(Chong)击(Ji)耐(Nai)压(Ya) impulse withstand voltage
在(Zai)规(Gui)定(Ding)的(De)试(Shi)验(Yan)条(Tiao)件(Jian)下(Xia)，(?)不(Bu)造(Zao)成(Cheng)击(Ji)穿(Chuan)的(De)具(Ju)有(You)一(Yi)定(Ding)形(Xing)状(Zhuang)和(He)极(Ji)性(Xing)的(De)冲(Chong)击(Ji)电(Dian)压(Ya)最(Zui)高(Gao)峰(Feng)值(Zhi)。(?)
56 工(Gong)频(Pin)耐(Nai)压(Ya) power-frequency withstand voltage
在(Zai)规(Gui)定(Ding)的(De)试(Shi)验(Yan)条(Tiao)件(Jian)下(Xia)，(?)不(Bu)引(Yin)起(Qi)击(Ji)穿(Chuan)的(De)工(Gong)频(Pin)正(Zheng)弦(Xian)电(Dian)压(Ya)有(You)效(Xiao)值(Zhi)。(?)
57 污(Wu)染(Ran) pollution
能(Neng)影(Ying)响(Xiang)到(Dao)介(Jie)电(Dian)强(Qiang)度(Du)或(Huo)表(Biao)面(Mian)电(Dian)阻(Zu)率(Lu)的(De)任(Ren)何(He)外(Wai)部(Bu)物(Wu)质(Zhi)条(Tiao)件(Jian)，(?)如(Ru)固(Gu)体(Ti)，(?)液(Ye)体(Ti)或(Huo)气(Qi)体(Ti)（(?)游(You)离(Li)气(Qi)体(Ti)）(?)。(?)
58 （(?)环(Huan)境(Jing)条(Tiao)件(Jian)的(De)）(?)污(Wu)染(Ran)等(Deng)级(Ji) pollution degree (of environmental conditions)
根(Gen)据(Ju)导(Dao)电(Dian)的(De)或(Huo)吸(Xi)湿(Shi)的(De)尘(Chen)埃(Ai)、(?)游(You)离(Li)气(Qi)体(Ti)或(Huo)盐(Yan)类(Lei)和(He)相(Xiang)对(Dui)湿(Shi)度(Du)的(De)大(Da)小(Xiao)以(Yi)及(Ji)由(You)于(Yu)吸(Xi)湿(Shi)或(Huo)凝(Ning)露(Lu)导(Dao)致(Zhi)表(Biao)面(Mian)介(Jie)电(Dian)强(Qiang)度(Du)和(He)（(?)或(Huo)）(?)电(Dian)阻(Zu)率(Lu)下(Xia)降(Jiang)事(Shi)件(Jian)发(Fa)生(Sheng)的(De)频(Pin)度(Du)而(?)对(Dui)环(Huan)境(Jing)条(Tiao)件(Jian)作(Zuo)出(Chu)的(De)分(Fen)级(Ji)。(?)
注(Zhu)：(?)1.暴(Bao)露(Lu)装(Zhuang)置(Zhi)的(De)污(Wu)染(Ran)等(Deng)级(Ji)可(Ke)不(Bu)同(Tong)于(Yu)提(Ti)供(Gong)外(Wai)壳(Ke)或(Huo)内(Nei)部(Bu)加(Jia)热(Re)方(Fang)法(Fa)防(Fang)止(Zhi)其(Qi)吸(Xi)湿(Shi)或(Huo)凝(Ning)露(Lu)的(De)处(Chu)于(Yu)宏(Hong)观(Guan)环(Huan)境(Jing)的(De)装(Zhuang)置(Zhi)的(De)污(Wu)染(Ran)等(Deng)级(Ji)。(?)
2.就(Jiu)本(Ben)标(Biao)准(Zhun)而(?)言(Yan)，(?)污(Wu)染(Ran)等(Deng)级(Ji)指(Zhi)的(De)是(Shi)微(Wei)观(Guan)环(Huan)境(Jing)的(De)污(Wu)染(Ran)等(Deng)级(Ji)。(?)
59 （(?)电(Dian)气(Qi)间(Jian)隙(Xi)或(Huo)爬(Pa)电(Dian)距(Ju)离(Li)的(De)）(?)微(Wei)观(Guan)环(Huan)境(Jing) micro-environmental (of a clearance or creeprge distance)
按(An)所(Suo)考(Kao)虑(Lu)的(De)电(Dian)气(Qi)间(Jian)隙(Xi)或(Huo)爬(Pa)电(Dian)距(Ju)离(Li)处(Chu)的(De)周(Zhou)围(Wei)环(Huan)境(Jing)条(Tiao)件(Jian)。(?)
注(Zhu)：(?)电(Dian)气(Qi)间(Jian)隙(Xi)或(Huo)爬(Pa)电(Dian)距(Ju)离(Li)的(De)微(Wei)观(Guan)环(Huan)境(Jing)确(Que)定(Ding)对(Dui)绝(Jue)缘(Yuan)影(Ying)响(Xiang)，(?)而(?)不(Bu)是(Shi)装(Zhuang)置(Zhi)的(De)环(Huan)境(Jing)确(Que)定(Ding)其(Qi)影(Ying)响(Xiang)。(?)微(Wei)观(Guan)环(Huan)境(Jing)可(Ke)能(Neng)好(Hao)于(Yu)装(Zhuang)置(Zhi)的(De)
环(Huan)境(Jing)或(Huo)比(Bi)其(Qi)差(Cha)。(?)微(Wei)观(Guan)环(Huan)境(Jing)包(Bao)括(Kuo)所(Suo)有(You)影(Ying)响(Xiang)绝(Jue)缘(Yuan)的(De)因(Yin)素(Su)，(?)例(Li)如(Ru)：(?)气(Qi)候(Hou)条(Tiao)件(Jian)、(?)电(Dian)磁(Ci)条(Tiao)件(Jian)、(?)污(Wu)染(Ran)的(De)产(Chan)生(Sheng)等(Deng)。(?)
2.5.60 （(?)电(Dian)路(Lu)或(Huo)电(Dian)气(Qi)系(Xi)统(Tong)中(Zhong)的(De)）(?)过(Guo)电(Dian)压(Ya)类(Lei)别(Bie)（(?)安(An)装(Zhuang)类(Lei)别(Bie)）(?) overvoltage category (of a circuit or within an electrical system)
根(Gen)据(Ju)限(Xian)定(Ding)（(?)或(Huo)控(Kong)制(Zhi)）(?)电(Dian)路(Lu)中(Zhong)（(?)或(Huo)具(Ju)有(You)不(Bu)同(Tong)标(Biao)称(Cheng)电(Dian)压(Ya)的(De)电(Dian)气(Qi)系(Xi)统(Tong)中(Zhong)）(?)产(Chan)生(Sheng)的(De)预(Yu)期(Qi)瞬(Shun)态(Tai)过(Guo)电(Dian)压(Ya)和(He)为(Wei)限(Xian)制(Zhi)过(Guo)电(Dian)压(Ya)而(?)采(Cai)用(Yong)的(De)有(You)关(Guan)方(Fang)法(Fa)为(Wei)基(Ji)础(Chu)而(?)确(Que)定(Ding)的(De)分(Fen)类(Lei)。(?)
注(Zhu)：(?)在(Zai)一(Yi)个(Ge)电(Dian)气(Qi)系(Xi)统(Tong)中(Zhong)，(?)从(Cong)一(Yi)个(Ge)过(Guo)电(Dian)压(Ya)类(Lei)别(Bie)转(Zhuan)换(Huan)到(Dao)另(Ling)一(Yi)个(Ge)较(Jiao)低(Di)的(De)过(Guo)电(Dian)压(Ya)类(Lei)别(Bie)是(Shi)通(Tong)过(Guo)采(Cai)取(Qu)满(Man)足(Zu)把(Ba)瞬(Shun)态(Tai)过(Guo)电(Dian)压(Ya)降(Jiang)低(Di)到(Dao)
较(Jiao)低(Di)过(Guo)电(Dian)压(Ya)类(Lei)别(Bie)规(Gui)定(Ding)值(Zhi)的(De)交(Jiao)接(Jie)面(Mian)要(Yao)求(Qiu)的(De)方(Fang)法(Fa)获(Huo)得(De)的(De)，(?)例(Li)如(Ru)采(Cai)取(Qu)能(Neng)吸(Xi)收(Shou)、(?)消(Xiao)耗(Hao)或(Huo)转(Zhuan)换(Huan)浪(Lang)涌(Yong)电(Dian)流(Liu)能(Neng)量(Liang)的(De)过(Guo)电(Dian)压(Ya)保(Bao)护(Hu)器(Qi)或(Huo)串(Chuan)联(Lian)或(Huo)并(Bing)联(Lian)阻(Zu)抗(Kang)组(Zu)合(He)方(Fang)式(Shi)。(?)
61 绝(Jue)缘(Yuan)配(Pei)合(He) co-ordination of insulation
电(Dian)气(Qi)设(She)备(Bei)的(De)绝(Jue)缘(Yuan)特(Te)性(Xing)一(Yi)方(Fang)面(Mian)与(Yu)预(Yu)期(Qi)过(Guo)电(Dian)压(Ya)和(He)过(Guo)电(Dian)压(Ya)保(Bao)护(Hu)装(Zhuang)置(Zhi)的(De)特(Te)性(Xing)有(You)关(Guan)，(?)另(Ling)一(Yi)方(Fang)面(Mian)与(Yu)预(Yu)期(Qi)的(De)微(Wei)观(Guan)环(Huan)境(Jing)和(He)污(Wu)染(Ran)保(Bao)护(Hu)方(Fang)式(Shi)有(You)关(Guan)。(?)
62 均(Jun)匀(Yun)电(Dian)场(Chang) homogeneous(uniform)field
电(Dian)极(Ji)之(Zhi)间(Jian)的(De)电(Dian)压(Ya)梯(Ti)度(Du)基(Ji)本(Ben)上(Shang)恒(Heng)定(Ding)的(De)电(Dian)场(Chang)，(?)例(Li)如(Ru)两(Liang)球(Qiu)之(Zhi)间(Jian)，(?)每(Mei)一(Yi)球(Qiu)的(De)半(Ban)径(Jing)均(Jun)大(Da)于(Yu)二(?)者(Zhe)间(Jian)的(De)距(Ju)离(Li)的(De)电(Dian)场(Chang)。(?)
63 非(Fei)均(Jun)匀(Yun)电(Dian)场(Chang) inhomogeneous(non-uniform)field
电(Dian)极(Ji)之(Zhi)间(Jian)的(De)电(Dian)压(Ya)梯(Ti)度(Du)不(Bu)恒(Heng)定(Ding)的(De)电(Dian)场(Chang)。(?)
64 漏(Lou)电(Dian)起(Qi)痕(Hen) tracking
固(Gu)体(Ti)绝(Jue)缘(Yuan)材(Cai)料(Liao)表(Biao)面(Mian)在(Zai)电(Dian)场(Chang)和(He)电(Dian)解(Jie)液(Ye)的(De)联(Lian)合(He)作(Zuo)用(Yong)下(Xia)逐(Zhu)渐(Jian)形(Xing)成(Cheng)导(Dao)电(Dian)通(Tong)路(Lu)的(De)过(Guo)程(Cheng)。(?)
65 相(Xiang)比(Bi)漏(Lou)电(Dian)起(Qi)痕(Hen)指(Zhi)数(Shu)（(?)CTI）(?) comparative tracking index(CTI)
材(Cai)料(Liao)能(Neng)经(Jing)受(Shou)住(Zhu)50滴(Di)试(Shi)验(Yan)溶(Rong)液(Ye)而(?)没(Mei)有(You)形(Xing)成(Cheng)漏(Lou)电(Dian)起(Qi)痕(Hen)的(De)最(Zui)高(Gao)电(Dian)压(Ya)值(Zhi)。(?)用(Yong)V表(Biao)示(Shi)。(?)
注(Zhu)：(?) 1.每(Mei)个(Ge)试(Shi)验(Yan)电(Dian)压(Ya)值(Zhi)和(He)CTI应(Ying)是(Shi)25的(De)倍(Bei)数(Shu)。(?)
2.上(Shang)述(Shu)定(Ding)义(Yi)选(Xuan)自(Zi)GB 4207-1984中(Zhong)的(De)2.3条(Tiao)。(?)
